Archaeological evidence suggests iron smelting and metalworking in Bhutan dating back centuries before written records. Iron tools, weapons, and the famous iron chain bridges point to sophisticated metallurgical traditions.
Overview
While written records of Bhutanese history begin primarily with the arrival of Buddhism, archaeological and material evidence points to sophisticated iron-working traditions predating the historical period. Stone tools from earlier periods give way to iron implements that transformed agriculture, warfare, and construction.
Evidence
Iron smelting sites have been identified in several districts. The tradition of iron-working (part of Garzo in the Zorig Chusum) was highly developed, producing agricultural tools, weapons, and the iron chains used in the famous bridges built by Thangtong Gyalpo at sites like Tachog Lhakhang.
References
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