Bhutan has undertaken continuous education reform since the establishment of modern schools in the 1960s. Current reforms focus on quality improvement, technical/vocational training, and addressing the mismatch between educational output and labor market needs.
Overview
Education reform has been continuous in Bhutan since the first modern schools were established in the 1960s. The National Education Policy 2024, aligned with the 2020 Royal Kasho on Education Reform, represents the most comprehensive overhaul to date.[1]
Cambridge Curriculum Alignment
The most significant reform is aligning Bhutan's school curriculum with the Cambridge International Curriculum, designed to produce globally benchmarked educational standards. This will lead to accredited Grade XII qualifications recognised internationally.[1]
STEM and AI Integration
The policy gives STEM education a major focus, with pilot STEM schools planned for replication nationwide. The curriculum will incorporate Artificial Intelligence and Robotics as subjects.[2]
Teacher Development
The policy implements the Bhutan Professional Standards for Teachers with periodic evaluations, creates the National Teaching Service, and requires all teachers to undergo courses at Samtse and Paro Colleges of Education.[1]
TVET Expansion
Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) is being expanded and revamped to reduce over-reliance on academic pathways and address youth unemployment. The reform is overseen by the National Education Council (NEC), chaired by the Prime Minister.[3]
References
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